Nuclear powered ballistic missile submarines are considered to be the most potent weapon
developed by mankind.
There are good reasons for it.
Firstly, these being nuclear powered, can loiter in the vast oceans for practically
unlimited number of days, making then almost impossible to detect.
So, enemy cannot take them out with a preemptive strike.
This is why these are considered to be the most survival part of a nuclear triad.
Secondly, these pack nuclear tipped missiles making them the most lethal offensive platform.
Through these, a second-strike option is guaranteed which is the greatest deterrence for the enemy.
Nuclear powered ballistic missile submarines are very complex and costly to develop.
Designing a nuclear reactor in itself is complicated and developing a reactor, which can fit and
be safely operated in a vessel that will remain underwater, is a daunting engineering challenge.
This is why US, Russia, UK, France, China and India are currently the only countries
to field a nuclear powered ballistic missile submarine.
In this video, Defense updates lists top 5 nuclear ballistic missile submarines.
So, lets get started.
The Type 094 is a class of ballistic missile submarine developed by China for the People's
Liberation Army Navy Submarine Force.
The Type 094 succeeds the Type 092 submarine.
It is considerably longer than the Type 092.
The Type 094 was first spotted in 2006 on commercial satellite imagery of the Xiaopingdao
Submarine Base.
It has a displacement of 11,000 tons submerged tons.
One was operational in 2010,three in 2013,and four in 2015.
The Type 094 is armed with 12 JL-2 SLBMs, each with an estimated range of 7,400 km (4,600 mi).
The missile reportedly can carry 3 to 4 MIRV (Multiple Independently Targetable Reentry Vehicle) nuclear warheads.
The Type 094 with JL-2 gives China its first credible sea-based nuclear strike capability.
The Triomphant class represents the ballistic missile submarines of the French Navy.
Four boats that entered service in 1997, 1999, 2004, and 2010.
The class is a considerable upgrade of Redoutable class.
It has a displacement of 14,335 tons (submerged), speed of about 25 kn and can move to depths
of over 400 m.
These can carry 16 M51 missiles.
The M51 is a submarine-launched ballistic missile, built by Airbus Defence & Space.
Designed to replace the M45 SLBM, it was first deployed in 2010.
Each missile carries six to ten independently targetable TN 75 thermonuclear warheads.
It also has four 533 mm 21 in torpedo tubes for F17 torpedoes and capability to launch
Exocet SM39 anti-ship missiles.
The Vanguard class is a class of nuclear-powered ballistic missile submarines in service with
the Royal Navy.
The class was introduced in 1994 and includes four vessels.
They are the largest submarines manufactured in the UK, displacing 15,900 t submerged.
Royal Air Force decommissioned WE.177 free-fall thermonuclear weapons in 1998 and UK does
not have any land based nuclear tipped missile.
So, Vanguard submarines are the only platform to deliver nuclear weapons currently available
to UK.
Each submarine is armed with up to 16 Trident II missiles developed by America's Lockheed
Martin Missiles and Space.
Each missile is capable of carrying 14 MIRV.
Vanguard has four 533 mm torpedo tubes.
These can be used to fire Spearfish heavy weight torpedoes.
Project 955A or Borei II is a class of nuclear-powered ballistic missile submarine produced by Russia
and operated by the Russian Navy.
The class is intended to replace the Delta III, Delta IV and Typhoon classes in Russian
Navy service.
The class is named after Boreas, the North wind.
It has a displacement of 24,000 tons (submerged), speed of about 20 kn and can move to depths
of over 450 m.
Being much more smaller and silent than previous Typhoon class, it is harder to detect.
Boria II can carry 20 Bulava missile as opposed to 16 by Borei I.
Deployed first in 2013, Bulava missile is intended to be foundation of Russia's nuclear
triad going forward, and is one of the most expensive weapons project in the country.
The 3-stage missile has a range of 8000 km and can be equipped with 6 to 10 150 kt warhead.
It also has six 533 mm torpedo tubes RPK-2 Vyuga submarine-launched anti-submarine missile.
The payload of this missile ranges from a simple depth charge to a 200 kt nuclear warhead.
The Ohio class of nuclear-powered submarines is the class of ballistic missile submarines
currently in service with the United States Navy.
14 of the 18 boats are meant for nuke delivery, the rest 4 are currently being used as cruise
missile submarines.
The Ohio class replaced the Benjamin Franklin- and Lafayette-class SSBNs.
It reach speeds of 25 knots and can move to depths of 400 m.
The Ohio-class vessels displace 18,750 tons submerged.
This makes this third largest submarines in the world, behind the 48,000-ton Typhoon class
and 24,000-ton Borei class of the Russian Navy.
What makes Ohio top the list is that though it has half the displacement of Typhoon class
and 25% less displacement of Borei class but still it packs more firepower.
It carries 24 Trident II missiles each, versus 20 missiles by the Borei II and 20 missiles
by the Typhoon class.
The Trident II is Multiple Independently Reentry vehicle (MIRV) capable and hence can carry
multiple warheads with each warhead being assigned to a different target.
It can be configured with 2 types of MIRV.
The Mark 5 MIRV can carry up to 14 W88 475 kt warheads, while the Mark 4 MIRV having
the ability to carry 14 W76 100 kt warheads.
To give viewer a perspective, Little Boy atomic bomb dropped on Hiroshima had a yield of 15
kt of TNT and Fat Man atomic bomb that was detonated over Nagasaki had a yield of
21 kt of TNT.
Trident II could travel up-to 12,000 km
4 × 21 inch Mark 48 torpedo tubes are also present.
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